The East Road - also known as the Old Road - crossed the land of Eriador from West to East.

The road began in the White Downs of the Shire and ended at Rivendell, crossing through Bree, and running near the Midgewater Marshes and the old watchtower of Amon Sûl, or Weathertop.

The fact that the Road passed through the Ford of Bruinen strongly suggests that it was made after the founding of Rivendell in the mid-Second Age. Its most likely construction date would be the first few centuries of the Third Age.

The four hobbits of the Fellowship of the Ring traveled this road from the Shire to Bree, where they met Strider. From there, they traveled north of the road but not on it, only returning to the path when crossing the Last Bridge. The Nazgûl then pursued Frodo to the Ford of Bruinen upon the East Road.
Encyclopedia entry originally written by KatHeiman